Zarishnyak Natalya Vladimirovna, Kulbaisov Amyrzhan Magazhanovich and Vybornova Ekaterina Vladislavovna
Purpose: Hospitalization is a psychological trauma for a patient that reduces the results of treatment and life quality. Only a few studies evaluated the impact of hospitalization on patients' illness perceptions and on their quality of life. Methods: The effect of disease perception on quality of life was studied in an observational, cross-sectional study of 66 hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease (Group I), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Group II), osteochondrosis (Group III) aged 20 to 80, (in Russia, Orenburg, 2019). To diagnose illness perception we used PQBI Questionnaire (Bekhterev Institute), Quality of life - SF-36 Questionnaire. To study differences in patient ages the researchers used one-way analysis of variance; Quality Indicators - Pearson's Chi-square test; differences in quality of life indicators - Mann-Whitney U test; factor analysis was used to identify factors affecting the quality of life. Results: The differences in the types of illness perception in the groups were established (Chi-Square: 44.136, 16df, p=0,01). Most patients had maladaptive types of illness perception: Group I had hypochondriac, apathetic type; Group II - neurasthenic, dysphoric, paranoid; Group III - anxious, apathetic. In 15 (22.7%) patients, an illness perception type was not defined. The physical health component in patients of all groups has been reduced; mental health component has shown the average level. As the patients' quality of life, a difference was found in the following indicators - bodily pain (BP), general health status (GH), social functioning (SF). Factor analysis data: mental health of patients was determined by age (0,91); physical health and physical functioning - by gender (0,92 and 0,81); general health - by the type of illness perception (0,84); social functioning - by a disease (0,82). Conclusion: The illness perception affects the general health status of hospitalized patients, which determines the current state of health, treatment prospects and disease resistance.
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